Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS): A Physiotherapy Guide

What Is Myofascial Pain Syndrome?

Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a common musculoskeletal condition that causes regional muscle pain and stiffness. It occurs when tight, sensitive knots—called myofascial trigger points (MTrPs)—form within muscles and fascia (the connective tissue surrounding them). These trigger points can cause localized or referred pain, often described as aching, dull, or burning.

Common Signs and Symptoms

• Localized or referred muscle pain
• Muscle tightness or stiffness
• Restricted movement or reduced flexibility
• Tender “knots” or sensitive areas in muscles
• Muscle weakness (without atrophy)
• Headaches or referred pain patterns (especially in the neck and shoulders)

Causes and Risk Factors

MPS can develop for many reasons, often related to muscle overload, poor posture, or repetitive strain. Common contributing factors include:

• Muscle overuse or repetitive activities
• Poor posture (e.g., long hours at a desk)
• Injury or trauma to muscles
• Stress or tension, which can cause prolonged muscle tightening
• Sedentary lifestyle or lack of stretching
• Nutritional deficiencies or systemic conditions (e.g., thyroid issues, low vitamin D)
• Sleep disturbances or teeth grinding (bruxism)

Over time, these factors can lead to small areas of muscle contracture, reducing blood flow and oxygen supply, which perpetuates pain and stiffness.

Why Physiotherapy Is Essential for Managing MPS

Physiotherapy is one of the most effective long-term solutions for Myofascial Pain Syndrome. It focuses on identifying and addressing the underlying causes of muscle tension, not just relieving the pain.

Our physiotherapists use a combination of evidence-based treatments to:

• Release muscle tension and deactivate trigger points
• Restore normal movement and posture
• Improve strength and flexibility
• Prevent recurrence through exercise and education

Physiotherapy Treatment Options for MPS

1. Manual Therapy

Hands-on techniques such as myofascial release, deep-tissue massage, and trigger point pressure therapy help relax tight muscles, improve blood flow, and restore normal tissue mobility.

2. Corrective Exercise

Targeted stretching and strengthening exercises help restore balance, improve posture, and prevent muscle overuse. Postural retraining is often key to lasting recovery.

3. Therapeutic Modalities

Depending on your needs, your physiotherapist may incorporate additional treatments such as:

• TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) – for pain relief
• Ultrasound therapy – to promote tissue healing and relaxation
• Laser therapy (LLLT) – to reduce pain and inflammation
• Kinesio taping – to support muscles and improve circulation

4. Dry Needling

A highly effective treatment where fine needles are inserted into trigger points to release muscle tension and relieve pain.

What to Expect During Recovery

Recovery depends on the severity and duration of symptoms. Many patients experience improvement within a few weeks of consistent physiotherapy. Chronic cases may take longer and require a more comprehensive program.

Long-term success depends on correcting the underlying causes—such as posture, stress, or activity habits—to prevent recurrence.

Preventing Myofascial Pain Recurrence

Your physiotherapist will create a personalized plan to help you maintain long-term muscle health, which may include:

• Regular stretching and strengthening
• Postural and ergonomic education
• Stress management strategies
• Gradual return to physical activity
• Maintenance treatments if needed

When to See a Physiotherapist

If you experience persistent muscle pain, stiffness, or tender spots that don’t resolve with rest, you may benefit from physiotherapy. Early assessment and treatment can prevent chronic pain and restore normal muscle function more effectively.

Take the First Step Toward Pain-Free Movement

Don’t let elbow pain limit your swing, work, or daily tasks. Our experienced team at Vaughan Physiotherapy Clinic has helped hundreds conquer lateral epicondylitis.

Book Your Specialized Assessment Today:

• Phone: 905-669-1221
• Location: 398 Steeles Ave W #201, Thornhill, ON L4J 6X3
• Online Booking: www.vaughanphysiotherapy.com

Serving Thornhill, Langstaff, Willowdale, North York, Markham, Richmond Hill, and surrounding communities. Evening/weekend appointments available.

Written by Ellen Davies